導語：虛擬語氣外語教案一文來源于網友上傳，不代表本站觀點，若需要原創文章可咨詢客服老師，歡迎參考。

虛擬語氣

1.虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法現在事實相反的假設

(1)若表示與，則條件從句中用過去式，主句中用過去將來式(would，should，could，might+動詞原形);

(2)若表示某事將來實現的可能性不大，則條件從句中用should+動詞原形也可用“wereto+動詞原形”或用過去式動詞。如：

IwouldcertainlygoifI___________(have)time.(現在)

Ifitshouldrain，wewouldn''''tgoout.(將來)

(3)若表示與過去事實相反的假設，從句中用過去完成式，主句中用過去將來完成式(should，would，could，might+have+過去分詞)。如：

IfIhadsetoffalittleearlier，I____________________caughtthetrain.

Shewould/mighthavecomeifshe__________beensobusy.

IfIhadn''''t___________(take)youradvice，Iwouldhavemadeabadmistake.

(4)含有虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句中，如有had，should，were這三個詞的話，在正式或書面語言中可將if省略，再將句子的主語和謂語動詞實行全部倒裝或部分倒裝。如：

___________theytime(=Iftheyhadtime)，theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.

____________itbefine(=Ifitshouldbefine)，wewouldgoforanouting.

___________Iyou(=IfIwereyou)，Iwouldgo.

(4)若主句從句所指的時間不一致，即條件從句表示與過去事實相反，主句表示與現在事實相反;或者條件從句表示與現在事實相反，主句表真實情況，則從句中應采用與具體時間相對應的虛擬形式。如：

Ifit__________rainedlastnight(過去)，Itwouldbeverycoldtoday(現在).

IfI_____takenyouradvice(過去),Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow(現在).

2.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法

在動詞suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的賓語從句中，用虛擬語氣(即Should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形)來表示愿望、建議、命令、請求等。在動詞wish/wouldrather后的賓語從句中，用過去式表示與現在事實不符，用過去完成式表示與過去事實不符。如：

Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.

Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed.

IwishI____________asstrongasyou.

Iwouldratherthatyou____________toldhim.(沒有告訴他)

3.虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法

在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural;Itisrequested/suggested/desired/proposed;itisapity等結構后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即Should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形。如：

Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.

ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi(___________)giveusaspeech.

Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.

4.虛擬語氣在表語從句、同位語從句中的用法。

在suggestion，proposal，idea，plan，order，advice等名詞后的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形。如：

Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethefirsttogo.

Myadviceisthatwe(____________)sendforDoctorLi.

Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?

5.虛擬語氣在其他狀語從句中的用法

在asif引導的狀語從句中，用過去式表示與現在事實不符，用過去完成式表示與過去事實不符;

在sothat，inorderthat引導的狀語從句中，常用should/would/could/might+動詞原形來表示虛擬語氣。如：

Theytalkedasifthey__________________friendsforyears.

Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother.

Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain.

6.虛擬語氣在定語從句中的用法：

在itistime后面的定語從句中常用過去式表示虛擬。

It’stimeIwasgoing.

It’stimesomebody___________(teach)youtobehaveyourself.

7.由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣

A.用wish表示對現在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式(be動詞用were)。

B.用wish表示對將來的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would,could,might+動詞原形。

C.wish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現的愿望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could,would+have+動詞過去分詞。

Iwishthathe__________solazy.

IwishI____________wastedsomuchtime.

Iwishshewouldchangehermind.

8.hadhoped/planned/thought/wanted/intended表示一種過去未實現的愿望或令人失望的事。

Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.

IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheU.S.andstudythere,butshesaid

shelikedtostayinChina.

9.wouldrather.

would(had)rather,wouldassoon,wouldsooner和wouldprefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當時或將來的情況，用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉的責備。例如：

I’dratheryou__________theletterrightaway.我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。

Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在那兒呆得太久。

Iwouldjustassoonyouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。

10.It’s(high,about)timethat句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語氣形式，即動詞要用過去式。

It’stimethatsomething____________________(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

Itishightimethatweputanendtothisdiscussion.現在是我們該結束講座的時候了

11.虛擬語氣在由某些連詞或個詞引出的表示條件、目的的狀語從句中的使用。常見的這些連詞和介詞有：

1)unless(除非)，provided(倘若)，supposing(假若)，providing(倘若),onconditionthat(如果),由這些詞、詞組引出的從句，動詞多用過去時。

除非你命令他做，要不他是不會做的。

Hewouldn''''tdoitunlessyouorderedhimto.

假若你有機會出國，你會去哪兒呢?

Providingyouhadtheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?

12.sothat(以便)，forfearthat(以免,唯恐)，inorderthat(以便)，whether(不管)，lest(以免)，incase(假使)，從句中加情態動詞，有時should可省略。

他把它藏起來以免她看見。

Hehiditlestshe(should)seeit.

我得準備點啤酒，說不定約翰會來。

I''''llgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcome.

他輕輕地進屋，以免吵醒他的同房。

Heenteredtheroomquietlyinorderthatheshouldnotwakehisroommate.

13.ifonly

如果表示對現在的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用過去式;

如果表示將來的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用would/could+動詞原形;

如果表示對過去的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用had+過去分詞。

ifonlyI______you!

Ifonlyyou_________comeyesterday!

IfonlyLindacouldgowithustomorrow!

IfonlyIhadsaidmoreaboutit!

onlyif表示"只有";ifonly則表示"如果……就好了"。Ifonly也可用于陳述語氣。

Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會醒。

Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.當時鬧鐘響了，就好了。

Ifonlyhecomesearly.但愿他早點回來。

虛擬語氣精練60題

1.Theboyacted____hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.

A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since

2.Ifyouwereoldenough,I____youtogothereyesterday.

A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed

3.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey____themeninatonce.

A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring

4.Ifwearrivedheretenminutesearlier,we___thebus.

AshouldhavecatchB.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaughtD.wouldcatch

5.Don''''ttouchthesleepingtiger.Ifhewokeup,he_____you.

A.wouldattackB.shouldattackC.wouldhaveattackedD.willattack

6.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.

A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe

7.HowIwishI____toreapairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn''''ttriedC.havetriedD.didn''''ttry

8.Hedemandedthatthelaboratoryreport___immediatelyaftertheeXPerimentwasdone.

A.waswrittenB.bewrittenC.mustbewrittenD.wouldbewritten

9.IfonlyI_____howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.

A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew

10.Ifhe___totheteacherattentively,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.

A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknow

C.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow

11.Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI___thatyouwerewaitingforme.

A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknowC.wouldhaveknownD.haven’tknown

12.ItisreallystrangethatMarry,whoisstillacollegestudnet,___soearly.

A.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarry

13.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents___twoweekstopreparefortheexam.

A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven

14.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI___yourbirthdayparty.

A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended

15.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.

A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen

16.Itisimportantthatyou___acommunicationwithMr.Williansimmediately.

A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave

17.Itishightimewe___upourresults.

A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum

18.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechild___.

A.wouldnotdieB.wouldnothavediedC.couldnotdieD.couldnothavedied

19.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_______everything.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown

20.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I___himattheairport.

A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet

21.Kunarcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.

A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach

22.Iwouldhavecalledyouupforhelphaditbeenpossible,butI___yourphonenumberthen.

A.hadn’thadB.didn’thaveC.shouldn’thaveD.couldn’thave

23.Ifit___anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.

A.hadrainedB.wouldhadrainedC.haveseenD.didsee

24.Hesuggestedthatthey___useatrickinsteadoffighting.

A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had

25.“Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar?”“IwouldhaveboughtoneifI___enoughmoney.”

A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad

26.Irecommendedthatthestudent___hiscompositionassoonaspossible.

A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting

27.TheBakersarrivedlastnight,ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,___atthestation.

A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem

28.Wemighthavefailedifyou___usahelpinghand.

A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive

29.TheLawrequiresthateveryone___hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

30ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn___nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.

A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes

31.Thencameawordfromourbossthatweall___atpresentathisofficerightaway.

A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe

32.---Helencouldn’tgottoFranceafterall.

----That’stoobad,I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif___.

A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo

33Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI___anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.

A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo

34.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(導師),we___intheeXPeriment.

A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceed

C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded

35.Inthepastmengenerallywouldratherthattheirwives______inthehome.

A.workedB.wouldworkC.workD.wereworking

.36.Johndidnotfeelwellyesterday;otherwisehe_______toseehisclassmatesoff.

A.cameB.wouldcomeC.wouldhavecomeD.shouldbecoming

37.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.

A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake

38Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant______alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.

A.hasB.willhaveC.shouldhaveD.musthave

39.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_______..

A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved

C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved

40.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.

A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling

41.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.

A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen

42._______morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.

A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen

C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen

43.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.

A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall

44.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.

A.hadn’tspokenB.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeakD.notspeak

45.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe________afewbooksonworldhistory.

A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread

46.IwenttothemeetingyesterdaybecauseI_______nothingaboutthediscussionwithoutattendingit.

A.didn’tknowB.wouldknowC.knewD.wouldhaveknown

47.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?

A.wentB.shouldgoC.goD.willgo

48.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

49.Hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe________toyourplan.

A.didn’tagreeB.hadn’tagreedC.wouldn’tagreeD.notagree

50..Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________nothingwrongand________freeimmediately.

A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset

51.Ifyou________toseeMary,whatwouldyoutellher?

AareBwillbegoingChadDwere

52.Ifthewholeoperation____________beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.

AwasnotplannedBhasnotbeenplannedChadnotbeenplannedDwerenotplanned

53.IfI__________harderatschool,Iwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficenow.

AhadworkedBworkedCweretoworkDwereworking

54.IwishI____________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.

AcouldhavesleptBsleptCmighthavesleptDhaveslept

55.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_________youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.

AhaverealizedBrealisedCrealizeDshouldrealise

56.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you___________now.

Awouldn’tbesmilingBcouldn’thavesmiledCwon’tsmileDdidn’tsmile

57.__________formyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.

ANotbeingBHaditnotbeenCwithoutbeingDNothavingbeen

58.Wereshetoleaverightnow,she___________thereonSunday.

AhadgotBmighthavegotCwouldgotDhasgot

59.Thechildreninthebackseatmighthavebeenseriouslyinjuredifthedriver________thatthey

wearseatbelts.

Ahasn’tbeeninsistingBhadn’tinsistedCwouldn’tinsistDwasn’tinsisting

60.ifonlyI_________morecarefulthatday!

AcouldbeBwouldhavebeenCshouldbeDhadbeen